ANALISIS KESTABILAN TEROWONGAN BEKAS TAMBANG BAWAH TANAH WATU JONGGOL TERHADAP GETARAN KENDARAAN
Abstract
Terowongan bekas tambang bawah tanah yang berada di bawah jalur jalan raya berpotensi mengalami ketidakstabilan akibat beban dinamis lalu lintas, terutama tanpa sistem penyanggaan yang memadai. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pengaruh getaran kendaraan terhadap kestabilan terowongan di Watu Jonggol, Kulon Progo, melalui pengukuran getaran lapangan dan analisis numerik metode finite element. Lalu lintas di atas terowongan didominasi kendaraan ringan dengan sesekali kendaraan berat, sehingga intensitas getaran bervariasi sesuai jenis dan beban kendaraan yang melintas. Getaran permukaan yang direkam menggunakan Micromate Instantel pada delapan titik di atas terowongan menghasilkan nilai PPV transversal 15,6 mm/s, vertikal 10,2 mm/s, dan longitudinal 12,8 mm/s sebagai representasi intensitas getaran aktual. Analisis numerik 2D menggunakan RS2 dengan kriteria keruntuhan Hoek–Brown dan metode Shear Strength Reduction (SSR) menunjukkan bahwa nilai Strength Reduction Factor (SRF) pada kondisi statis sebesar 1,32 pada dinding dan 2,35 pada crown, kemudian menurun menjadi 1,30 dan 1,67 pada kondisi getaran rata-rata, serta 1,26 dan 1,66 pada getaran maksimum. Kontur tegangan, deformasi, dan zona yielded memperlihatkan bahwa pengaruh dinamis terutama terkonsentrasi pada dinding dan crown. Secara keseluruhan, hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terowongan masih berada dalam kondisi stabil.
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